Most patients require no changes to their diet after having gallbladder surgery. The role of the healthy gallbladder is to concentrate bile (a dilute liquid from the liver) which then empties into the small intestine via the bile duct. This liquid is one of the factors that allows you to absorb the nutrients (especially fat) from foods.

People that require gallbladder surgery (cholecystectomy) often have gallstones or something else wrong with their gallbladder (e.g. cancer). Thus, most people who have gallbladder surgery already have something wrong with their ability to concentrate bile even before surgery. This means that the body has often begun to compensate for the lack of a healthy, functioning gallbladder.

After surgery, bile comes directly from the liver and the body’s ability to digest foods is compensated for by other factors, such as the small intestine’s ability to absorb nutrients. A small proportion of people can, however, experience digestive symptoms (e.g. bloating, diarrhoea, pain) after gallbladder surgery- especially after eating fatty foods- and this guide may be applicable to them.

1. Gradual Reintroduction of Foods: In the first few days after surgery, stick to clear liquids, broths, and jelly. Gradually add foods back into your diet to avoid discomfort. Start with easily digestible options like rice and toast. As you progress, introduce low-fat proteins such as skinless chicken or tofu.
2. Avoid High-Fat Foods: Limit or avoid fatty, greasy, and processed foods. These can be harder for your body to digest without the gallbladder. Examples include fried meats, bacon, full-fat dairy, and creamy sauces. Instead, choose lean proteins like fish and legumes. Opt for low-fat dairy products and use olive oil or avocado for cooking.
3. Choose Lean Proteins and Fibre-Rich Foods: Opt for lean meats like chicken, turkey, and fish. Low-fat dairy and plant-based protein sources are also good choices. Incorporate high-fibre foods to improve digestion. These include whole grains (such as quinoa, brown rice, and oats), fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Fibre helps regulate bowel movements and prevents constipation.
4. Hydration is Key: Proper hydration is crucial for overall health and digestion. Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Avoid excessive caffeine, as it can irritate the digestive system.
5. Smaller, Frequent Meals: Eating smaller portions throughout the day puts less strain on your digestive system. Aim for five to six small meals rather than three large ones. This approach helps maintain stable blood sugar levels and prevents overloading your system.
6. Monitor Symptoms and Adjust: Pay attention to how your body responds to different foods. Some people may tolerate certain foods better than others. Keep a food diary to track any discomfort or symptoms. If you experience bloating, gas, or diarrhoea after eating specific foods, consider avoiding them or consuming them in smaller quantities.

Remember, individual needs vary, so consult with your specialist or a registered dietitian for personalized advice. They can tailor recommendations based on your specific situation, medical history, and dietary preferences. Digestive symptoms can also be unrelated to gallbladder surgery so if they persist or worsen, they may need to be assessed by a doctor.