October is Liver Cancer Awareness Month, a time dedicated to raising awareness about liver cancer, its risk factors, symptoms, and the importance of early detection. Liver cancer is a serious condition that affects thousands of people worldwide and understanding it can help save lives.
- More than 360 people in NZ are diagnosed with liver cancer every year
- Maori and Pacific peoples are 3-4x more likely to be diagnosed with liver cancer compared to their Pakeha counterparts
- The 5-year survival for liver cancer is only about 20%
Understanding Liver Cancer
Liver cancer, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a type of cancer that starts in the liver. The liver is a vital organ that performs many essential functions, including filtering toxins from the blood, producing bile for digestion, and storing nutrients. When cancer develops in the liver, it can disrupt these functions and lead to serious health problems.
Risk Factors
Several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing liver cancer:
- Chronic Hepatitis B and C Infections: These viral infections are the leading causes of liver cancer. They can cause long-term liver damage and increase the risk of cancer.
- Cirrhosis: This condition, often caused by chronic alcohol abuse or hepatitis infections, leads to scarring of the liver and increases cancer risk.
- Obesity and Diabetes: Both conditions can lead to fatty liver disease, which can progress to liver cancer.
- Exposure to Aflatoxins: These toxic substances, produced by certain molds, can contaminate food and increase liver cancer risk.
- Genetic Factors: Family history of liver cancer can also play a role.
Symptoms
Liver cancer often does not cause symptoms in its early stages, making it difficult to detect. However, as the disease progresses, symptoms may include:
- Unexplained weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Upper abdominal pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- General weakness and fatigue
- Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
- Swelling in the abdomen
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly.
Prevention
While not all cases of liver cancer can be prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:
- Vaccination: Getting vaccinated against hepatitis B can significantly reduce the risk of liver cancer.
- Avoiding Hepatitis C: Practice safe sex, avoid sharing needles, and ensure any tattoos or piercings are done in a sterile environment.
- Limiting Alcohol Consumption: Reducing alcohol intake can help prevent cirrhosis and lower cancer risk.
- Maintaining a Healthy Weight: A balanced diet and regular exercise can prevent obesity and diabetes, reducing the risk of fatty liver disease.
- Regular Screening: If you have risk factors for liver cancer, regular screening can help detect the disease early when it is most treatable.
Treatment Options
Treatment for liver cancer depends on the stage of the disease and the person’s overall health. Options may include:
- Surgery: Removing the tumour or a portion of the liver.
- Liver Transplant: Replacing the diseased liver with a healthy one from a donor.
- Ablation: Using heat or cold to destroy cancer cells.
- Radiation Therapy: Using high-energy rays to kill cancer cells.
- Chemotherapy: Using drugs to kill cancer cells or stop their growth.
- Targeted Therapy: Using drugs that specifically target cancer cells without harming normal cells.
Supporting Liver Cancer Awareness
Raising awareness about liver cancer is crucial for early detection and prevention. Here are some ways you can help:
- Educate Yourself and Others: Learn about liver cancer and share information with friends and family.
- Participate in Awareness Events: Join local or virtual events to support liver cancer awareness.
- Donate: Contribute to organizations that fund liver cancer research and support patients.
- Advocate: Support policies that promote liver cancer research and access to care.
By spreading awareness and supporting those affected by liver cancer, we can make a difference in the fight against this disease. Let’s use Liver Cancer Awareness Month as an opportunity to educate, support, and advocate for a healthier future.
For more information, visit https://www.gutcancer.org.nz/liver-cancer-awareness-month/