Recovering from major abdominal surgery can be a challenging journey, but the right nutrition can significantly aid your healing process. Each person is different and even within the broad category of major abdominal surgery, there is considerable variation depending on factors such as the specific type of operation, whether it was done with key-hole surgery (laparoscopic/ robotic surgery), done as an emergency etc. You should discuss the specifics of your dietary strategy with your surgeon. Here’s a broad overview to help you navigate your post-surgery diet.

1. Start with Clear Liquids

Immediately after surgery, your digestive system needs time to recover. Start with clear liquids such as water, broth, and herbal teas (be mindful of limiting caffeine or substances that may interact with your medications). These are easy on your stomach and help keep you hydrated. Gradually introduce more substantial liquids like fruit juices and clear soups as tolerated.

2. Transition to Soft Foods

Once you can tolerate clear liquids, you can begin to incorporate soft foods. These include:

• Mashed potatoes
• Yogurt
• Scrambled eggs
• Smoothies

Soft foods are gentle on your digestive system and provide essential nutrients without causing discomfort.

3. Focus on Protein

Protein is crucial for healing and tissue repair. Include lean protein sources such as:

• Chicken breast
• Fish
• Tofu
• Legumes
• Eggs

Aim to have a source of protein in every meal to support your recovery.

4. Incorporate Whole Foods

Whole foods are minimally processed and rich in nutrients. They help reduce inflammation and support overall health. Include a variety of:

• Fresh fruits and vegetables
• Whole grains like brown rice and quinoa
• Nuts and seeds

These foods provide vitamins, minerals, and fibre, which are essential for healing. Note that after certain operations (e.g. for the colon), nuts and seeds might only be recommended after full recovery.

5. Stay Hydrated

Hydration is key to recovery. Water helps transport nutrients and oxygen to your cells and aids in the removal of waste products. Aim to drink at least 8-10 glasses of water a day. You can also include hydrating foods like cucumbers, watermelon, and oranges.

6. Avoid Certain Foods

Some foods can hinder your recovery and should be avoided:

• Processed foods: These are high in sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats. Such foods can cause spikes and troughs in your blood sugar and make you feel worse.
• Red meat: It can be hard to digest and may cause constipation. After upper abdominal surgery such as anti-reflux surgery (fundoplication), these foods can get stuck.
• Sugary snacks and desserts: These can lead to inflammation and slow down healing.
• Alcohol and caffeine: These can dehydrate you and interfere with your recovery. For certain operations (e.g. liver and pancreas surgery), alcohol can be a direct toxin that can impede recovery.

7. Eat Small, Frequent Meals

Instead of three large meals, opt for five to six small meals throughout the day. This approach can help prevent bloating and discomfort. It also ensures a steady supply of nutrients to aid in your recovery.

8. Time your medications

It’s hard to eat if you’re in pain or nauseated. It’s important to time your medications. You may need to take your anti-nausea meds 15-30 mins before meals so that you can eat and take your pain meds similarly to allow you to focus on meal-times. Depending on any potential side effects from your medications (e.g. drowsiness), you may find that your best meal is different to what you have at home. E.g. your may have more food during afternoon tea and a lighter dinner.

9. Take your time

It’s hard to eat what you want when you want straight after major abdominal surgery. It takes time to get back to normal and sometimes, there is a new normal. The initial phase after surgery can be challenging but won’t remain the same. Be patient and in time, eating will feel as natural as before surgery.

10. Listen to Your Body

Everyone’s recovery is different. Pay attention to how your body responds to different foods. If something doesn’t sit well, avoid it and try something else. It’s important to be patient and give your body the time it needs to heal.

Conclusion

Proper nutrition is a vital part of your recovery after major abdominal surgery. The key challenges after abdominal surgery are to figure out what to eat and how to eat (timing/ portion size etc). By following these guidelines, you can support your body’s healing process and get back to feeling your best. Always consult with your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian for personalised advice tailored to your specific needs.